Abstract:
urpose Climate change is a critical determinant of health that disproportionately affects older adults. This review synthe sises recent evidence on climate-related health risks in older Europeans and proposes a geriatric climate medicine framework
to guide clinical practice, health system preparedness and policy action.
Methods Narrative review of scientific literature and policy documents published between 2019 and 2025, with emphasis
on European epidemiological data and adaptation frameworks. Studies were included if they reported health impacts or
adaptation/mitigation strategies relevant to adults aged¿65 years.
Results Heatwaves, chronic and acute exposure to air pollutants, flooding and the expanding range of climate-sensitive
infectious diseases increase hospitalisation, cognitive decline, and mortality in older adults, especially in women, those
aged¿80 years, and individuals with comorbidities or frailty. These risks remain insufficiently addressed in geriatric clini cal practice and health policy.
Conclusions In a Europe warming at twice the global rate, urgent integration of climate risk assessment into geriatric care,
enhanced resilience of health and social care infrastructure and climate policies that prioritise older adults are essential to
reduce inequities and improve health outcomes.
Except where otherwise noted, this item's license is described as CC-BY